Stablecoins, explained

The 'digital dollars' that keep crypto running — and why regulators watch them.

A stablecoin is a cryptocurrency designed to hold a steady value — almost always one US dollar. Unlike Bitcoin, whose price swings wildly, a stablecoin aims to always be worth about $1, which makes it useful as a kind of digital cash inside the crypto world. The biggest are Tether (USDT) and USD Coin (USDC).

File photo: stablecoins aim to hold a fixed value, usually one US dollar.
File photo: stablecoins aim to hold a fixed value, usually one US dollar. Photo: DS stories (Pexels licence)

Why they exist

Traders use stablecoins to move money between exchanges quickly, to park funds without cashing out to a bank, and to trade around the clock. Most are meant to be 'backed' by real reserves — dollars, government bonds or similar assets — held by the issuer, so each coin can in theory be redeemed for a real dollar.

File photo: most stablecoins claim to be backed by dollars or dollar-like reserves.
File photo: most stablecoins claim to be backed by dollars or dollar-like reserves. Photo: Sergei Starostin (Pexels licence)

The risks

Stablecoins are only as trustworthy as the reserves behind them. If an issuer does not actually hold enough safe assets, the coin can 'de-peg' and fall below $1 — as happened dramatically when the TerraUSD project collapsed in 2022. This is why regulators are increasingly demanding transparency and audits. Nothing on this site is financial advice. See our glossary for more terms.

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